1、英语句子成分ppt主语主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。 主语（主语（）: 句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首 The sun rises in the east. （名词）（名词） He likes . （代词）（代词） years is a short time in . (数词数词) is . （动名词）（动名词） 讲述“谁”We work in a big
2、 . 讲述“什么”The is very big. 数词作主语Three are . 三个人就够了不定式作主语To on the blind is one of the ORBIS job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.在“There be ”句型中，主语的位置在中间。如：There are some of milk in the box.在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。如： It is very to p
3、lay the game “treat or trick”. It took two about three to build the house. To see is to . （不定式）（不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句）（主语从句） It is very clear that the is round and tall like a tree.形式主语形式主语真正主语真正主语It=that the is round and tall like a tree
4、The rich help the poor.名词化的形容词名词化的形容词1.Do is good for your .2.Eat too much meat is bad for your .V.不能做主语！不能做主语！指出下列句中主语的中心词指出下列句中主语的中心词 The with two of his is into the . 介词不能作主语介词不能作主语 There is an old man here.There is an apple on
5、the table.An apple is there on the table. The was given by my last year. To do the help is very . 找出下面句子的主语找出下面句子的主语 1. Our is not far from my home. 2. It is a great to talk with you. 3. the house needs a lot
6、of time.主语小测主语小测 单选：单选： 1.Mary with her two _ going to for Explo 2010 next month. A. are B. was C. is D. were 2._ more does good to your . A. Do B. Does C. Did D. Doing 3._ is to this job . A. That B. This C. It D. They谓语：说明主语是什么，做什
7、么或怎么样。由动词充当，主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。谓语动词存在多种时态，它是句子的核心。He is very .She looks very smart and have the job.He can speak .谓语（谓语（）:是对主语加以陈述，表示是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。担任，放在主语的后面。 I love you! They went to sleep very late last night. He p
8、 every . The plane took off at 10 . How often do you go ? Why didnt you come back last night?简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成 You may keep the book for two weeks. He has a bad cough. We are . That idea great!复合谓语：复合谓语：1.情态动词情态动词助动词助动词+v 2.系
9、动词系动词+adj. Open the door, ! Go and get some water for me. Dont laugh at ! Dont come back late . 祈使句：祈使句： 1.省略主语省略主语you 2.谓语动词用原形谓语动词用原形找出下列句子的谓语找出下列句子的谓语 I dont like the on the wall. The days get and when comes. Do you go to by bus? Did
10、the twins have for their ? Tom didnt do his . We had send for a . He is in music. Whom did you give my book to? 11. Put away your books right now! 按要求找出下列句子的主谓：按要求找出下列句子的主谓： 1. Trees turn green when comes. （主谓）（主谓） 2. He broke a piec
11、e of glass. （谓）（谓） 3. Dont get ，and help to what you like （主谓）（主谓） 4. the 1989 did not in the of town. （主谓）（主谓） 5. There are many in the hall.（主）（主） 6. Would you pass me the cup? （主谓）（主谓）主谓小测主谓小测祈使句祈使句,省略主语省略主语you 1.It is for m
12、e _ so much work one night. Can you help me? A. B. C. to D. 2.John with two of his _ to play every . A. go B. went C. goes D.gone单选：单选：Its adj. for sb to do sth.做某事对某人来说是做某事对某人来说是的的 形式主语形式主语真正的主语真正的主语 to 3._ up early,
13、or you will miss the early bus. A. Got B. Get C. D.Gets 4._ up early is good for your . A. Got B. Get C. D.Gets 5.Wow! The cake _! Can I have one more? A. well B. C. bad D. good 祈使句，谓语动词用原形祈使句，谓语动词用原形动名词做主语动名词做主语感官动词感官动词+adj.表语：说明主语是说明或怎么样，由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、介
14、词短语、句子等充当。它的位置在系动词后面。 形容词作表语形容词作表语You look than . 名词作表语 My is a . 副词作表语 is here.介词短语作表语They are at the .不定式作表语My job is to teach them .动名词作表语Her job is the .从句作表语That is why he didnt come to .宾语:表示动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式、V-
15、ing、从句充当，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么，通常放在谓语动词后面。有时，会有双宾语。 如：名词作宾语He never for their .代词做宾语He often helps me.不定式作宾语He likes to sleep in the open air.动名词作宾语The in China.从句做宾语I that they can the work in time. 直接宾语和间接宾语直接宾语和间接宾语及物动词作谓语时，
16、后面要跟宾语，宾语分直接及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语，宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的对象。宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的对象。但有些动词除了直接宾语外句子成分ppt，还需要有一个间接但有些动词除了直接宾语外，还需要有一个间接宾语，间接宾语表语动作是对谁做的，所以只能宾语，间接宾语表语动作是对谁做的，所以只能用名词或代词来充当。用名词或代词来充当。如：如：We them some food.主主 谓谓 间宾间宾 直宾直宾间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面，但必须加间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面，但必须加to 或或 for。 宾语的补足语宾语的补足语在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾
17、语并不能表达在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足语才能表达完整的意思。我们把语才能表达完整的意思。我们把“宾语宾语补宾语宾语补足语足语”合起来称为复合宾语。复合宾语所表达的合起来称为复合宾语。复合宾语所表达的意思相当于一个巨资的意思。名词、动词、形容意思相当于一个巨资的意思。名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语分词都可以作宾语补足语. 名词作宾补If you let me go, Ill make you king.形容
18、词作宾补Dont make your hands dirty.副词作宾补We found Li Ming out when we .介词短语作宾补Make at home.省略to的不定式作宾补I saw a girl go into the .带to的不定式作宾补The boy the dog to lie down.现在分词作宾补The boss kept them all day.过去分词作宾补 he got his leg .在英语中在英语中,常见的常见的“宾语宾语补足语宾语宾
19、语补足语”的结构有：的结构有：“宾语宾语+名词名词”。常用于改结构的动词有：。常用于改结构的动词有：call, name, make, find, , think, leave等。等。 We call him Jack. They made Li Lei their .“宾语宾语+形容词形容词”。常见的动词有。常见的动词有think, , leave, drive, make, keep, turn, wish, want等。如：等。如：Do you think his idea wrong?We must keep our clea
20、n.We cant leave him alone.Can you get ready for the party ?“宾语+副词”。副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态，与宾语有逻辑上的主表关系。常见的副词有：down, up, here, there, home, in, out, 等。如： Let him in/ out. Mr. Li drove us home.When got there, we found him out.“宾语+介词短语”。介词短语作宾补常表示其逻辑主语（即宾语）所处的状态，两者有主表的关系。如： We fo
21、und in good order. We him as our good .He the door and found some of his in the rain.“宾语+不定式”。充当宾补的不定式有三种： A 要求带to的不定式The cool water of the lake us to swim. B 要求不带to 的不定式 let, make, see, hear, watch等 The boss made the work 12 hours a day. I ofte
22、n hear him read in his room. C 单词help 后可加 to 或不加 to She helps her (to) do .“宾语+现在分词”。现在分词作宾补，此时在该句型中的宾语即为现在分词逻辑上的主语，有着主谓关系。 I saw them on the .I heard Mary in the .“宾语+过去分词”。宾语和宾补之间是被动关系，过去分词表示被动和完成。 I had my bike . The teach
23、er again and again to make . 形式宾语形容词 We found it to get there .宾语+what 从句Call me what you like.Mr. Li has made the what it is today.The is from what it was ten years ago.宾语：宾语：动宾表示行为的对象，放在及物动宾表示行为的对象，放在及物动词或者介词之
24、后。动词或者介词之后。 I like China. He hates you. How many do you need? We need two We help the old and the poor. I enjoy with you I hope to see you again. Did you write down what he said? He is of her-his . Under the snow, there are many rocks. 介词后面的宾语：介词后面的宾语：介宾介宾 注意：人称代词要用注
25、意：人称代词要用宾格宾格 I to go with _. A. he B. his C. her D.they E.she He gave me a book . Give the poor man some money. 间接宾语间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语直接宾语(sth)： 双宾双宾I think it hard to this job .形式宾语形式宾语真正宾语真正宾语 My hasnt done his . all over the world s
26、peak . You must pay good to your job. How many new words did you learn last class?找出下列句子的宾语找出下列句子的宾语5.Some of the in the want to go , how about you?6.The old man at the gate said he was ill.7.They made him of the class.8.Go the a
27、nd you will find the on the left.9.They think it to get to the in such a short time.定语：用来修饰名词或代词。由形容词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、从句充当。单词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前，短语或句子作定语放在被修饰才之后。定语定语定语用来修饰名词或代词。形容词、代词、数词、名词、定语用来修饰名词或代词。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以充介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以充当定语。因为它是修饰名词或代词
28、的第一考试网，而名词和代词可以当定语。因为它是修饰名词或代词的，而名词和代词可以作主语、表语或宾语，所以定语的位置很灵活，凡是有名作主语、表语或宾语，所以定语的位置很灵活，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。词、代词的地方都可以有定语。 形容词作定语形容词作定语 The black bike is mine. 代词作定语代词作定语 Whats your name?名词作定语名词作定语They made some paper .介词短语作定语介词短语作定语 The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade One.不定式作短语不定式作短语 I ha
29、ve lots to eat and drink.从句作定语从句作定语 The tall boy who is there is Peter. 在英语中，并不是所有的定语都放在被修饰词的前面，有的是放在被修饰词的后面，故称“后置定语”。 修饰不定代词 , , , , , , , 的定语必须后置。如： Well go to have . If you dont know the , ask els
30、e. Do you have to tell me?介词短语作定语时要后置。如： Do you know the boy the tree?The in the room are all my . I think the on the left is than the one on the right.动词的不定式作定语时要后置What about to drink? I have no time to to China is in
31、or in .注注 动词不定式作主语时，to 后面的动词必须是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语。如果时短语时，那么与动词搭配的介词或副词是不能少的。 Do you have any piece of music to to? , below, 等个别方位词作定语时要后置。如：We are at the top of the hill. Can you see the below?The are to a talk now?They took the boy to th
32、e at once.状语：用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、条件、目的、方式、程度等等。通常由副词、介词短语、不定式或句子充当。（若在同一句子中出现多个不同状语，常见的4个的顺序为：方式状语、目的状语、地点状语、时间状语。）状语状语 状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式，从句或相当于副词的词或短语来充当。状语一般放在句末，但有时也可以放在句首、句中。如： He did it They me very much. his
33、 help, we work it out. In order to catch up with my , I must study hard. When I was young, I could swim well.副词作状语的位置：放在句中修饰动词，通常是be动词之后句子成分ppt，实义动词之前，助动词和实义动词之间，如,often，，，never，also，only，ever，still放在句末修饰动词，如very much，a lot，，fast，high，修饰形容词或副词时反复在它们前面，如ve
34、ry good，so early有的副词在句子中位置灵活，如，only，这些应该都是要掌握的，是我们学校的英语老师总结的，在英语复习书上作为语法精讲，我把一些例子删去了，希望能够帮到你。(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 (4分，4分钟) The with two of his is into the . There is an old man here. The was given by my last year. To do to
35、days the help is very . (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 (10分，10分钟) I dont like the on the wall. A. dont B. like C. D. wall The days get and when comes. A. get B. C. days D. Do you go to by bus? A. Do B. C. g
36、o D. bus There will be a at the this . A. will be B. C. the D. Did the twins have for their ? A. Did B. twins C. have D. Tom didnt do his . A. Tom B. didnt C. do D. his What I want to tell you i
37、s this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is We had send for a . A. We B. had C. send D. He is in music. A. is B. C. in D. music Whom did you give my book to? A. give B. did C. whom D. book 三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟） My hasnt done his . A B C D
38、 all over the world speak . A B C D You must pay good to your . A B C D How many new words did you learn last class? A B C D Some of the in the want to go , how about you? A B C D The old man at the gate said he was ill. A B C D They made
39、 him of the class. A B C D Go the and you will find the on the left. A B C D You will find it after you leave . A B C D They didnt know who is. A B C D ( (四) 挑出下列句中的表语 (5分，5分钟) The old man was very tired. A B C D Why is he wor
40、ried about Jim? A B C D The have . A B C D Soon They all in the . A B C D She was the first to learn about it. A B C D (五) 挑出下列句中的定语 (6分，6分钟) They use Mr. Mrs. with the name. A B C D What is your given name? A B C D On the third lap are Class 1 and
41、 Class 3. A B C D I am some to sweep the floor. A B C D The man was to sleep. A B C D I am for the sound of the other shoe! A B C D (六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 (6分，6分钟) She likes the to read and books in the -room. A B C D He asked her t
42、o take the boy out of . A B C D She found it to do the work. A B C D They call me Lily . A B C D I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. A B C D Did you see Li Ming on the just now? A B C D (七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟） There was a big smile on her face. A B C D
43、Every night he heard the noise . A B C D He began to learn when he was . A B C D The man on the was to fast. A B C D With the box under her arm, Miss Li off. A B C D She loves the she loves books. A B C D I am that if
44、 youve lost it, you must pay for it. A B C D The Uncle Wang to see the other . A B C D (八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 (5分，5分钟) tell us a story. My a new bike for me last week. Mr. Li is going to teach us next term. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. Did he leave any for me? 此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢
